Overleafing - sometimes also overplating - is the simplest form of corner or longitudinal connection in frame construction. The thickness of the workpieces is halved on both sides so that the ends to be connected lie on top of each other like two leaves.
By halving the thickness of the wood on both sides, the overleaf is as strong as the individual pieces of wood. With straight corner, cross or longitudinal overleafing, the joint looks the same from the front and back.
This is also true for the longitudinal joint in the form of a hookleaf joint or a Gerber joint. Viewed from the side, a hookleaf joint looks like two interlocking hooks. A Gerber butt is constructed like an angled hook sheet, with the difference that the hook has been omitted. Therefore, when viewed from the side, only two wedges meet.
The situation is quite different with the weaker mitered overleaf. On the reverse side, you can see a joint, as occurs with the simple corner overleaf.
In model aircraft construction, the overleaf is often used to join strips to build the fuselage or wing of the model.
This involves placing thinner strips of wood on top of each other so that they overlap in the middle. The ends are then cut to fit and glued together to create a strong joint.
This method is also used in classic wood model building, among other things, to make ribs and frames to create a stable structure.
By overleafing, higher strength can be achieved with low weight, which is of great importance in model aircraft construction.
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The half-shell design is a construction method in which the outer skin of the aircraft fuselage or wing is dimensioned so that it can absorb a large part of the forces that occur. In contrast to the pure shell construction method, which gets by without internal reinforcements or with minor stiffening by transverse bulkheads, the half-shell construction method uses additional longitudinal stiffeners such as longerons and stringers.
These stiffeners relieve the outer skin, resulting in greater strength combined with lower weight.
This is particularly important in model aircraft construction, since the weight of a model aircraft has a major influence on its flight characteristics.
Although there is no consistent distinction between the terms shell and half-shell construction, half-shell construction is generally considered to be a further development of pure shell construction.
However, both construction methods aim to achieve the highest possible strength with low weight and can therefore be described as self-supporting constructions.
We use this construction method consciously, among other things with our Antonov AN2 and other models.
History of the construction method (source Wikipedia2023)
The first proven application of the monocoque construction method was presented in 1911 at the Olympia Aero Show with an aircraft designed by Handley-Page. The fuselage shell of the Type D (retroactively designated H.P.4 in 1924) was primarily made of mahogany wood.
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[Translate to English:]
Das Schäften von Holz, Holzleisten und Brettchen im Holzmodellbau von Modellflugzeugen bezieht sich auf den Prozess des Schneidens von Holz in spezielle Winkel, um eine bessere Passform und Stabilität der Holzteile zu gewährleisten.
Die jeweiligen Winkel vergrößern die Klebeflächen zwischen den Bauteilen. Dies führt dazu, dass das Brett oder die Leiste an der geschäfteten Stelle (Verbindung) mehr Last aufnehmen und verteilen kann.
Dies ist besonders wichtig im Modellflugzeugbau, wo eine präzise Passform und ein geringes Gewicht der Bauteile entscheidend für die Flugleistung und Festigkeit sind.
Beim Schäften werden die Holzteile z.B mithilfe einer Schärfvorrichtung in einem bestimmten Winkel geschnitten.
Eine Schärfvorrichtung besteht aus einer Halterung, in der das Holzstück fixiert wird, und einer scharfen Klinge, die den Schnitt ausführt. Durch das Schäften entsteht an der Schnittstelle zwischen zwei Holzteilen eine sogenannte Schäftung, die eine verbesserte Passform und Stabilität der Bauteile gewährleistet.
Möglich ist dies unteranderem mit unserem SCHÄFT TO CUT System:
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The stability measure in a model aircraft is a measure of the aircraft's ability to maintain its attitude. It refers to the aircraft's ability to return to a stable attitude after a disturbance such as a gust of wind or unexpected movement.
The stability measure is usually expressed as the ratio between the distance from the aircraft's center of gravity to the wing leading edge point and the wing depth. A higher stability measure means greater stability and a better ability of the aircraft to maintain its attitude. A lower stability dimension, on the other hand, means lower stability and a lower ability of the aircraft to maintain its attitude.
However, too high a stability measure can also lead to sluggish flight behavior, while too low a stability measure can lead to unstable flight behavior. Therefore, it is important to carefully calculate and adjust the stability measure to ensure optimal flight performance of the model aircraft.
Overall, the stability measure is an important parameter in the design and customization of model aircraft to ensure a safe and stable flying experience.
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